9 мая

Sophia Magdalena Scholl (9 May 1921 – 22 February 1943) was active within the White Rose non-violent resistance group in Nazi Germany. She was convicted of high treason after having been found distributing anti-war leaflets at the University of Munich with her brother Hans. As a result, they were both executed by guillotine.

Based upon letters between her and her boyfriend, Fritz Hartnagel (reported and analyzed by Gunter Biemer and Jakob Knab in the journal, Newman Studien) she had given two volumes of Cardinal John Henry Newman's sermons to Hartnagel when he was deployed to the eastern front in May 1942. This discovery by Jakob Knab shows the importance of religion in Sophie's Life and was highlighted in an article in the Catholic Herald in the UK and by the British biographer of Sophie Scholl, Dr. Frank McDonough, who commented on BBC Radio Merseyside 'Knab's discovery is very important as it has highlighted how important her religious faith was in her life and as a key factor in her decision to oppose the Nazi regime' Though she was Lutheran, the White Rose was founded after Scholl and others read a stern anti-Nazi sermon* by Cardinal Clemens August Graf von Galen (the "Lion of Münster"), the Roman Catholic Bishop of Münster.

She reprinted and circulated this anti-Nazi sermon on her own before the group formally organized. This inspired her brother Hans Scholl to enlarge the effort with others by her example.